I stumbled upon Mark's Daily Apple, the blog of "Primal Blueprint" author Mark Sisson. It presents his take on the paleolithic/evolutionary fitness and diet lifestyle. In a nutshell:

• Primal Blueprint Law #1: Eat Lots of Plants and Animals
• Primal Blueprint Law #2: Avoid Poisonous Things
• Primal Blueprint Law #3: Move Frequently at a Slow Pace
• Primal Blueprint Law #4: Lift Heavy Things
• Primal Blueprint Law #5: Sprint Once in a While
• Primal Blueprint Law #6: Get Adequate Sleep
• Primal Blueprint Law #7: Play
• Primal Blueprint Law #8: Get Adequate Sunlight
• Primal Blueprint Law #9: Avoid Stupid Mistakes
• Primal Blueprint Law #10: Use Your Brain

One could do worse.